马斯克成本电池隧道火箭

问题30，成本马斯克的经营杠杆支点。如果说第一性原理是马斯克的经营哲学底层逻辑，那么成本控制可能就是他经营方法中的杠杆支点。

第一性原理已经被很多人关注，而马斯克在成本控制上的极致疯狂却较少被人关注。让我们通过几个案例，看一看马斯克是如何利用成本支点撬动起传统产业的根基的。

Sure. So um, somebody could say, in fact people do that battery packs are really expensive. They would say, oh, it gets cost 600 dollars a kilowatt hour. It's not going to be much better than that in the future because that's the way they've been in the past. Those principles would be to say, okay, what are the material constituents of the battery so break that down on a material basis and say, okay, what, what is the spot market value of the material constituent? Oh. Geez, it's like 80 dollars per kilowatt hour. So clearly you just need to think of clever ways to take those materials and combine them into the shape of a battery cell, and you can have batteries that are much much cheaper than anyone realized. So so what's the problem with tunnels? They they usually take a very long time to build and they're very expensive. So typically a tunnel will take three to six months per mile, in some cases will take a year per mile.And, and they can cost up to a billion dollars per mile. In fact, just to characterize it, current, the fastest tunneling machine in the world right now is 14 times slower than a snail.So clearly something needs to be done to revolutionize tunneling technology.Is a snail? This is. 在接下来的演讲里，马斯克详细的讲述了他的计划，因为涉及大量工程专业以及花费了很长时间，我们在这里帮大家概括了一下打动公司的战胜蜗牛方案。

他们首先是减少了隧道的直径，一般的隧道直径大概是在28英尺，但他们把隧道的直径降到了12英尺94米左右，刚好塞一个SUV，直径减少一半，挖掘成本就可以降低3~4倍。

然后，他们研发了自己的挖掘机，只有50%的时间在挖掘隧道，其余50%时间是在巩固跟加强隧道的结构。Boring创新的地方就在于他开创了一个自动化混凝土浇筑工艺，挖掘机可以把挖洞和加固这两件事情同时给做了，而且，他们的机器还是纯电动的，捣碎出的废土利用传输带输送出来，要么就得利。

要么制作成砖头再卖出，到目前为止，Boring company. 做到一个什么地步了呢？今年6月份的时候，他们第一个对外的工程在美国拉斯维加斯竣工了，这个隧道长1.7英里，用时18个月，耗资5200万美元，如果按照传统方法的话，他们要花17亿美元。

与传统的方式相比，马斯克把挖掘成本下降了32倍，所以成本控制的效果出来了。And then for Mars or the moon, minimize past per ton to the surface of the moon or to the surface of Mars. And just to give you a sense of of just how much we need to improve it, it's really insane, um, like right now the the cost of for per useful landed ton to the surface of Mars is. In excess of a billion dollars and that's that's roughly you know what what it currently costs now in order to make life multi planetneary and.Have a self sustaining city on Mars, I think probably under 100000 dollars a ton.That that would be a 10000 times better than the current state of the art to put things into perspective.How much of an improvement is needed? About 10000%.10000 foolld, that's what starship is intended to do, be 10000 times better than the current state of the art, but it is, ah, we're not breaking any laws of physics, it is possible to do that.